Bloom's Taxonomy of Learning is often used to define how well a skill or competency is learned or mastered, and is also used to promote higher order thinking. A variety of strategies that complement the development of critical-thinking skills have been introduced in this section. Related strategies include Socratic Seminars, Literature Circles, Reciprocal Teaching and questioning approaches. You will learn more about these strategies in "Section 3: Knowledge of Literacy Analysis and Genres," which focuses on responding to literature.
The following sites and videos will assist you in determining and analyzing these strategies for application in your classroom.
- "Bloom's Taxonomy - Activities and Strategies at Various Cognitive Levels of Learning"
http://www.nmu.edu/Webb/ArchivedHTML/UPCED/mentoring/docs/teachingstrategies.pdf - "Socratic Seminars"
http://www.readwritethink.org/professional-development/strategy-guides/
socratic-seminars-30600.html#strategy-practice - "Socratic Seminars: Engaging Students in Intellectual Discourse"
http://www.ascd.org/publications/educational-leadership/sept95/vol53/num01/
Socratic- Seminars@-Engaging-Students-in-Intellectual-Discourse.aspx - "Question Stems for Each Level of Bloom's Taxonomy"
https://www.thoughtco.com/blooms-taxonomy-questions-7598 - Summarizing and Synthesizing: What's the Difference?
http://beyondpenguins.ehe.osu.edu/issue/climate-change-and-the-polar-regions/
summarizing-and-synthesizing-whats-the-difference - "Why Reciprocal Teaching"
http://www.ascd.org/publications/educational-leadership/mar97/vol54/num06/Why-Reciprocal-Teaching%C2%A2.aspx
The Socratic Seminar is a formal discussion, based on a text, in which the leader asks open-ended questions. Click on the link for additional information.
http://www.readwritethink.org/professional-development/strategy-guides/socratic-seminars-30600.html
In literature circles, small groups of students gather together to discuss a piece of literature in depth. Literature circles provide a way for students to engage in critical thinking and reflection as they read, discuss, and respond to books. Click on the link for additional information.
http://www.readwritethink.org/classroom-resources/lesson-plans/literature-circles-getting-started-19.html
Reciprocal teaching refers to an instructional activity in which students become the teacher in small group reading sessions. Teachers model, then help students learn to guide group discussions using four strategies: summarizing, question generating, clarifying, and predicting. Once students have learned the strategies, they take turns assuming the role of teacher in leading a dialogue about what has been read. Click on the link for additional information. http://www.readingrockets.org/article/40008/
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